Wearable Mobile LiDAR for Quarry Surveying and Assessment of Geometric and Volumetric Accuracy
Keywords:
Stockpile inventory, Excavation volume, Terrain modelling, Trajectory drift, Uncertainty propagationAbstract
Wearable mobile light detection and ranging offers a practical means of measuring quarry floors, benches, slopes and stockpiles, but rapid acquisition does not by itself establish measurement accuracy. This review develops a reproducible framework for evaluating three dimensional geometry and excavation and stockpile volumes using literature published before 2025. A targeted synthesis links trajectory design, independent survey control, point cloud classification, surface representation and uncertainty propagation. The framework separates local surface precision, absolute positional accuracy, repeatability and volumetric agreement. Its analytical assessment shows that a coherent height offset of 0.03 m over a 1000 m² footprint produces a volume bias of 30 m³, irrespective of point count. Occlusion, uncertain base surfaces and inappropriate interpolation can therefore outweigh small local ranging errors. Recommended outputs include spatially distributed checkpoint residuals, signed surface distances, completeness maps and volume sensitivity to base and boundary choices. No quarry observations or instrument benchmark measurements are presented. The contribution is an application specific validation protocol and analytical sensitivity assessment that can guide subsequent controlled field experiments without transferring accuracy claims from unrelated environments.
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